1 NJCU GIS I Exercise 1 (Arc10) – Map your home with GIS (v2d. 160913) Desired Student Learning Outcomes:  DEMONSTRATE computer proficiency with basic operational tasks (download, unzip)  UTILIZE storage & access capabilities with servers, sites, and/or drives  CREATE an Arcview map  DIFFERENTIATE spatial from non-spatial data  MODIFY maps to user-friendly, transferrable JPEG images  SUMMARIZE the exercise and your performance through a written summary  EMPLOY digital resources to submit your work through Blackboard Exercise Goal: Identify, download, map Census Data. Create point & home attributes Step 1 - Create a GIS_I folder in your storage space  Determine your preferred storage device (probably a flash drive) for the semester o IF you choose to use GEOSRV server (this is NOT REQUIRED, you will connect:  From home through FTP  From NJCU through FTP or map the network drive  Create a GIS_I folder Leave NO SPACES in file or folder names Step 2 - Create Exr01 folder inside GIS_I folder  Create a new folder named Exr01 inside your GIS_I folder. Refer to Ast01 if necessary. Step 3 - Download zipped GIS data files to your Exr01 folder  Scroll to U.S. Census Bureau website (below). Select 2013 > Download > Web interface: NOTE: Understanding TIGER nomenclature is critical to your file management. The U.S. Census bureau uses numbers to identify their files. "34" refers to NJ (34th alphabetically among US States), and "035" represents Somerset County. Most NJCU students live in Hudson County, so your "roads" file is likely named 34017.2  Under "Select a layer type" > Geographic Areas (below), choose Counties (and equivalent):  Click Submit (see below)  Select Download national file (below)3 NOTE: You may get a message (below) preventing redirection: Select Allow (below)  A window appears asking you to open or save a zipped file; select Save file > OK  Scroll to Exr01 folder (your folder name may be different) created in Step 2; save:  Check your Exr01 folder (below) to make sure the data downloaded properly:4  Return to Census "Select Layer Type" window; select Features > Roads > Submit (below)  From All Roads, select State > New Jersey; press Submit (below):  From Select a county, select YOUR county; I download Somerset Co (below): Select your county – use this only as an example5  Save the zipped county roads file (below)  Save the county_roads file in your Exr01 folder (below) with default name:  Check your Exr01 folder and make sure county and road data are there:6  Return to Census "Select Layer Type" > Relationship files > submit  Select "Address Range – Feature Shapefile" > New Jersey (below)  Download your county's file to your Exr01 folder, as you did with the other files earlier:7 Step 4a – Unzip and place unzipped TIGER data files in Exr01 folder  If necessary, download and install "7zip" or "Winzip" software onto your computer.  From your Exr01 folder, Rt-click on the zipped TIGER county file (below)  Select 7-zip > Extract here You should see a number of extracted files appear in your Exr01 folder (below):  REPEAT for Roads and Address Range – Features (addrfeat); make sure they are in folder before proceeding to Step 5! Right-click8 Step 5 – Use ArcCatalog to Create a File Geodatabase in your GIS_I folder Discussion: A "geodatabase" (GDB) is a preferred method of data management and storage. It is modeled after a typical relational database (such as MS Access). The GDB also provides a framework for explaining the difference between Spatial data (the feature on the map) and nonspatial data (the attributes of the feature). This will be important to the GIS practitioner. Procedure:  Open ArcCatalog (Start>Programs>ArcGIS>ArcCatalog)  Select Geoprocessing > Geoprocessing options (below)  From Geoprocessing options, UNCHECK "Enable Background processing"; press OK .9  Select Connect to Folder:  Select the directory path to your GIS_I folder (your folder name will differ); press OK:  Select File > New > File Geodatabase (see below)  Rename the GDB with a name that makes sense, like GIS_I.gdb (below):10 Step 6 – Import TIGER data into the GDB  From ArcCatalog, Rt-click on GIS_I GDB > Import > Feature class multiple (below)  Use Scroll to Folder button (below)  Use Connect to Folder>Exr01 folder>OK (blw left). Add county, roads, addrfeat (blw rt):  Confirm 3 layers to import to GDB (blw left) > OK; confirm layers are Imported (below rt):11 Step 7a – Create alias names and Confirm/Create coordinate system of features Discussion: For correct overlay, layers MUST BE DEFINED in a coordinate (X-Y) system.  From ArcCatalog, Rt-click on us_county > Properties  In Feature Class Properties (below), select General , type US_Counties for "Alias": . Rt-click12  Select XY Coordinate System > NAD 1983 > Apply, OK Step 7b - Repeat Step 7for roads (w/ county, e.g. Hudson_roads) and addrfeat (e.g., "Roads_w_Addresses")  NOTE: IF features are Undefined (blw left), use the XY tab (blw right), select Geographic Coordinate Systems > North America > NAD 1983 (below right) > Apply, OK.13 Step 8 – Open ArcMap and set map properties  Open ArcMap (Start > Programs > ArcGIS > ArcMap)  From "Getting Started" (below), choose ANSI A for map size: use "scroll to" button if necessary to connect to your GIS_I.gdb as the "default GDB"; press OK  From the ArcMap window (below), select File > Map Document Properties  Use "Map Document Properties" (below) to Store Relative Paths to your GIS_I.gdb:14 Step 9 – Set ArcMap Coordinate System to Geographic, NAD 1983 Discussion: It is EXTREMELY important that coordinate system is defined for map window.  From ArcMap, select View > Data View (below, critical for XY coordinate display):  Select View > Status Bar; checkmark the Status Bar (below): Notice "Unknown Units" for the X-Y cursor coordinates in lower RH corner (below):  From the ArcMap Table of Contents (ToC), Right-click Layers, select Properties Check √ the Status Bar box15  From the Data Frame Properties window (below left), select the Coordinate System tab; select Geographic Coordinate Systems. Open the North America folder (below right)   Select NAD 1983. Press Apply>OK (blw left). Confirm ArcMap is in Decimal Degrees (blw rt) NOTE: If your coordinate system is NOT Decimal Degrees, select View > Data Frame > Properties > General tab and set Display to Decimal Degrees (above, right).16 Step 10 - Add features to ArcMap Data View Window NOTE: ArcCatalog must be CLOSED before you open ArcMap for "alias" names to appear  From ArcMap , select File – Add Data (below)  From "Add Data" window (blw left), scroll to your GIS_I.gdb geodatabase; press Add.  Select the 3 TIGER files (below right) in the GDB; press Add ArcMap Data View returns (below) Map Window Set to "data view"17 Step 11 – Sort US Counties by State, select your county in NJ Discussion: Sometimes, GIS data come "packaged" in large, "aggregated" data files that contain more information than you want or need for a particular project. The US census bureau has chosen to "package" all U.S. county boundaries together, rather than separate them by State. This gives you the opportunity to learn how to use useful tools like "sort" and "query". Procedure:  From Data View, rt-click US_Counties > Open Attribute Table ("AT") The AT (below) contains primarily non-spatial information about the spatial features in the layer. These shapes are all polygons (areas) and represent the County outlines for the entire U.S.18  Rt-click on StateFP > Sort Ascending (below): The counties are sorted by Federal ID numbers; NJ = 34 (below); find and select your county:19 Step 12 – Export your county boundary from US_Counties as a separate layer file  From Data View Table of Contents (ToC), rt-click US_Counties > Data > Export Data  From the Export Data window (below), use Export Selected Features > Browse:  Select go to default GDB (assuming you correctly set your directory path in Step 8):20  Use "Saving Data" (below) to save the exported feature class with a descriptive name:  Confirm that the exported feature class will be saved to your GDB; press OK:  Add the exported data layer to the map  From the Data View ToC (below), rt-click on your county outline layer > Zoom to Layer Data View zooms into your county (below); Uncheck the US_Counties box to hide the layer:21 Step 13 - Re-layer or reconfigure your files in the ToC to change map display Discussion: The Table of Contents (ToC) controls the order of layers on the Map. For example, a color-filled "county" polygon will HIDE Roads (below):  Dbl-click the County polygon in the ToC, and you can make it Hollow (below) A Hollow County Boundary lets Roads show through:  OR, select List by Drawing Order select Roads NAME and DRAG to Top of ToC (below): Drag a line feature such as Roads above a filled Polygon. Color-filled county boundary polygon overlies Roads in ToC, and HIDES Roads on Map.22 Step 14 – Label Roads_w_Addresses using an Attribute  Rt-click on the Roads_w_Addresses layer in the ToC > Open Attribute Table. Each row corresponds to a street segment, characterized by attributes including FULLNAME:  Rt-click on Roads_w_Addresses in ToC, select Properties > Labels tab (below); check "Label features in this layer", select FULLNAME Apply, OK. The Data View returns with streets labeled (below)23 Step 15 – Find the city block (street segment) on which your home is located Discussion – Each street is composed of individual line segments. Each segment is a unique feature on the map and in the attribute table, with its own ID number (LINEARID [TIGER2013]). NOTE: Census data column names can change slightly. In the directions below, the column name in your table may be slightly different than the one shown in the directions. For example, FULLNAME = NAME = FENAME. This is the column that contains your street name.  Rt-click on the attribute table column header FULLNAME (or whatever column contains your STREET NAME); select Sort Ascending (below):  Locate your street segment. Click on the small grey box at the LEFT END of the row: Click small grey box to highlight street segment with addresses "bracketing" your home Left side of street address range (from-to) Right side of street address range (from-to)24 OPTIONAL (Extra Credit): Build a Query to find your street segment For Extra Credit, Query the attribute table to find your street. Otherwise, go to Step 16 Procedure:  Press the Clear Selection icon on the Attribute Table menu bar (below):  Press the Select by Attributes icon on the Attribute Table menu bar (below): The A "Select by Attributes" window (same as AV 9) opens (below). Use the mouse in the following steps to build your query (grows in lowest window). DO NOT TYPE!! Errors will occur) 1. Next to "Method": Select Create a new selection 2. From the "Fields" window, dbl-click on "fullname" 3. Press "=" 4. Press Get Unique Values 5. Scroll to and select your street  You must have a complete expression (i.e., "FULLNAME equals my street") in the box 1. Press Apply 1 2 . 3 . 4 . 5 .25  Select the "Show selected records" at the bottom of the Attribute Table  Select the row representing your block by clicking on the far left button of the row. Your block (line segment) will turn yellow in the table and on the map:  Select File > Export Map. Export this map to your Exr01 folder as a JPEG titled Exr01_Query. You MUST embed this JPEG into your written summary of the exercise as evidence that you completed this optional step and earned Extra Credit (yeah!)  Select File > Save to save your map up to this point.26 Step 16 - Create a new feature class in the GDB to represent your home Discussion: Thus far, you have retrieved existing GIS data and placed it into a map. Another great feature of GIS is the ability to create data, through onscreen digitizing (OSD).  Open Catalog by selecting the Catalog icon from the ArcMap menu bar (below):  ArcCatalog should already be mapped to your GIS_I.gdb. If not, use either the Home button or Connect to Folder button to select your GDB in the LH window (below):  Rt-click on the RH window with your existing layers (below); select New > Feature Class27  In New Feature class window (blw); create Name=My_Home_OSD), Type = Point feature:  If necessary, select GCS NAD 1983 as the coordinate system (below):press Next28  Accept the recommended default XY tolerance (below left) and configuration (below right): The final window in feature class creation (below) gives you the opportunity to add new fields for additional data to characterize the feature(s) in the feature class – its "attributes".  Create additional attributes of a home: number of bedrooms & bathrooms, garage (Y/N) Confirm that the new feature class has been created in your GDB (below):29 Step 17 – Plot your home on your map through Onscreen digitizing (OSD)  If necessary, close ArcCatalog. If necessary, open ArcMap and open Exr01_My_Home map (below). The feature you "created" in Step 16 is present in the map's ToC, characterized as a point. You have created SPACE to "hold" this point, but you have NOT YET PLOTTED it.  If "Editor" toolbar is not visible, select Customize > Toolbars > select Editor.  Zoom in on the line segment on which your home is located (blue or yellow, below). With My_Home_OSD highlighted in the ToC, select Editor > Start Editing:  Select the Create Features window (below):30 If necessary, expand the Create Features window (below) to see Construction Tools:  Select the Down Arrow to the right of Arrange Templates (below),  Select Show All Templates (below): Select "down" arrow31  Select Point in the Construction Tools part of the Create Features window (below): If "point" is not an option, return to previous step and check feature type for "My_home_OSD" NOTE: As you prepare to "create the feature" (i.e., plot the point) representing your home, you may lose the "highlighting" for your street segment in the Roads layer. Do NOT Panic! If you need to re-highlight your street segment, re-activate the Roads attribute table (click on the top bar), select "Show all Records", (below), and re-do Step 15 to re-select your street segment. Or you can find your street with the Select by Attributes Query for XC at the end of Step 15.  In the Data View, left-click your mouse to plot the estimated location of your home:32  From the Data View toolbar, select Editor > Stop Editing (below):  Select Yes when asked to save edits (see below):  Use File > Add Data to add My_Home_OSD to the ArcMap ToC if it is not present.  Dbl-click on My_Home_OSD symbol in ToC (below). Double- click on the Point itself (not the feature name) to change shape &/or color &/or size33  Use Symbol Selector to select a different shape and color for more visibility: Now your home stands out from the rest of the map (below):  Rt-click My_Home_OSD (the name) in ToC > Open Attribute Table (see below): If there is only one entry in the AT (don't worry about the null values for the moment), select File > Save to save your map up to this point and continue on to Step 19. If there are multiple entries in the AT and corresponding points on the map, DON'T PANIC. You will learn how to delete unwanted points in the next step.34 Step 18 (Only if necessary): Deleting unwanted data If the example below, the 3 Western (left) points are extraneous and must be removed before proceeding. Identify the locations of the "bad" points on the map by highlighting them in the AT:  Select Editor>Start Editing; confirm bad pts are selected (below), press Delete Selected: The map returns (below) with the correct point (at least, the one you wanted to plot):  File > Save35 Step 19 – Enter the attributes of your home in the Attribute Table & prepare for display  Select Editor>Start Editing. Enter data in AT (below); Editor > Stop Editing, save edits.  From the ArcMap ToC, rt-click My_Home_OSD > Properties > Fields (below); checkmark Bedrooms, Baths, and Garage attributes for display; press Apply, OK.  "Tighten" the AT "window" so that only attribute headings and values are visible (below):36 Step 20 - Make a layout with a title, legend, north arrow, scale bar, and attribute table. Discussion: In order to be a complete, presentation-ready document ("Layout"), your map needs additional information, including a title, legend, scale bar, and My_Home attributes. Procedure:  If necessary, select Customize > Toolbars > Layout; dock the Layout toolbar  At the bottom of your map view, select the icon for Layout View:  Select a small "zoom" percentage (50% +/- ) on Layout toolbar (see below):37  Select Insert > Title (see below):  Type a title (whatever you like) in the Insert Title box:  Select Insert > Legend (below):38 The Legend Wizard guides you through content and artistic choices. On the first screen (below), choose which layers are shown in the Legend: You can customize the legend title (below), or accept the default: Adding some background color makes the legend more legible on the map background: Press Finish on the wizard window when complete.39  Re-size and select a good spot for your Legend on the map layout (below)  Select Insert > North Arrow (below):40 Choose from a very large array of choices (below); press OK when you find one you like:  Select Insert > Scale Bar (below) From the Scale Bar window (below left), use Properties to select Units of Measurement that are familiar to the audience (e.g., miles, below right):41  Stretch the scale bar to show even units, not something goofy:  From My_Home_OSD Attribute Table, select Table Options > Add Table to Layout:  When AT appears (below) dbl-click to re-size and add background to improve visibility:  File > Save your map to preserve your latest enhancements.42 Step 21 - Create a .jpg of the layout.  Select File > Export Map from the Menu. An Export Map window appears (below left); Choose JPEG in "Save as Type". Default name is your .mxd project name with ".jpg". Press Save; a .jpg copy of your layout will be saved into your Exr01 folder (below right).  Select File > Save your project before you close. Step 22 - Prepare a report with JPG(s) explaining exercise & provide feedback For full credit, in no less than 250 words:  Summarize the procedure you used to perform the exercise.  Indicate what you have learned about spatial vs non-spatial data,(i.e., the relationship between a feature (point, line, or polygon) and its attributes.  Identify any potential applications to your major or field of study (start thinking about a GIS project associated with your major that you could do in the course or for a GIS Certificate).  Explain what you liked (and didn't like) about the exercise – Be specific  Identify areas for improvement or expansion. Your feedback improves GIS classes!  Embed the .jpg of your layout (and XC Query if applicable) in your report. If using MS Word, use Insert > Picture, scroll to and select your JPG and press Insert (see below)  Submit the document to your instructor through Blackboard per semester instructions.