The system shown in figure 1 consists of two chambers of water called locks, on a waterway. The locks separate stretches of the waterway which are at different levels, like a stairs. The lock system consists of three sets of lock gates, with a sluice gate on each of the lock gates. A sluice gate is a type of gate that is incorporated into a lock gate, which can be opened and closed to modify the water levels in the locks between the lock gates. The control system should allow for the following: The Waterways authority will operate a prepaid system, similar to a travel pass, to identify customers. Customers will be able to use the automated system at the canal bank, choose a suitable method for customer identification. Customers can use the automated system to travel upstream or downstream. During operation the system will monitor the location of the boat and the water levels, and operate the sluice gates and lock gates. When the water level on either side of a lock gate is within a predefined range and there is no obstruction a set of lock gates can be opened to allow a boat pass through to the next lock or out of the lock gate system. The lock and sluice gates will be actuated using hydraulic rams, controlled using 4/2 solenoid operated, solenoid return directional control valves (you do not need to specify the hydraulic system). The system will keep the user informed of the system status at all times. Authorised operators will be able to operate the system manually and modify the system settings locally. The Waterways authorities will be able to connect remotely to the control system, to collect data such as usage and water levels. Choose a suitable method of connection. State any assumptions made in your answer. (25 marks) 2 In the past, automation systems have relied on 'security through obscurity' to avoid computer attacks. With today's requirements for the interconnectedness of control systems, we cannot rely on lack of connectivity as a means of security. (i) Discuss the threats that may apply to Industrial Control Systems. (10 marks) (ii) Discuss how you can improve the security of an existing Industrial Control Systems to mitigate the damage from these internal and external threats. (15 marks) DT023/4 10990 AUTO 4111 © 2014 DIT [P.T.O. 3 Develop a suitable SCADA system for the system described in Q1. Discuss the SCADA tools that you would use, and draw sketches of the main screens, in your system. Outline any assumptions made in your answer (25 marks) 4 (a) Identify the primary factors for consideration when selecting an industrial network. (6 marks) (b) (i) Outline a particular industrial network system for a specified industrial application of your own choosing. Within your description, make reference to the following; 1. Functionality & Operation 2. Components & Parts 3. Standards & Regulations 4. The merits (benefits) of your chosen system (14 marks) (ii) For this application, discuss your reasons for selecting this system over alternatives (identify alternatives within your answer). (5 marks) 5 As systems rely more and more on sophisticated software and hardware for control, we see the use of electronic and programmable electronics systems used in safety related systems. How do you evaluate and assure the safety of industrial machinery that includes the uses of programmable electronic systems to perform safety functions? In your answer make reference to appropriate standards and directives. (25 marks) 6 The IEC61131-3 standard has changed the way programmable controllers (PLCs) are programmed. It has allowed programmers develop better software through standardisation, execution control, the option of the user defined elements of the software, and the option of reusing elements of software. Discuss. (25 marks)