Assignment title: Information
The Caesar cipher is pretty basic. The Romans did not have computers and the C++ programming language. Moreover, the modern computer alphabet contains 128 characters and any computerized cipher should capture all available characters in order to be useful. In addition, the Caesar cipher is not very safe. It uses a constant value for character displacement. To improve on the original technique, we can employ a variable displacement value (ranging from 1 to 127) that we construct with the help of a pseudo random number generator. We can use the C++ functions srand( seed ) and rand() defined in cstdlib for this purpose. The function srand( seed ) allows us to seed the C++ pseudo random number generator, whereas rand() returns a pseudo random number in the range 0 to RAND_MAX. A specific feature of the C++ pseudo random generator is that two different initializations with the same seed value instruct the C++ pseudo-random generator to generate the same sequence of pseudo random numbers. This property allows us to construct symmetric randomized functions for character encoding and character decoding, where the seed value is the cipher key