LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT FOR HEALTH PROFESSIONALS 3977NRS Trimester 1, 2017 Assessment 2: Poster Weighting 35% Due Date: 18th May at 11am AIM: This poster is a way to demonstrate your understanding of the concepts of Leadership and Management for Health Professionals. The poster must focus on either human resource management or change management related to leadership and management. Posters are often presented by nurses at conferences. TASK DESCRIPTION: For this assessment task you are required to create a single side, A3 poster with an accompanying 200-word abstract. Your poster should present: • a critical analysis of ONE issue in human resource management OR change management with reference to current, peer reviewed literature, and • Evidence based recommendations for practice, education, research and/or policy. Instructions: 1. Select ONE (1) issue of leadership and management (human resource management or change management) based upon the scenario you reflected upon in assessment item 1. Some examples may include: • Managing conflict between staff • Performance management of junior staff • Introducing a new working practice 2. On your poster, you must provide a brief description of what the issue/scenario is. Present a critical argument about the issue supported by literature. Your argument should focus on addressing the following questions: a. Why has this issue arisen? b. What factors contributed to it? (e.g. political, fiscal, social, cultural, environmental, government policy etc.) c. What action is needed from a leadership/management perspective in relation to this scenario? d. What are the implications for nurses/nursing? 3. Make recommendations for practice, education, research, policy (may include one or all of these). 4. Write a 200-word abstract to submit with your poster (no references in this). 5. Prepare a separate References page. 6. Upload the assessment to Turnitin on the L@G site in .pdf format Ideas to help you to design and construct your poster: Be creative: Your poster will be a visual illustration of the current leadership/management scenario you have chosen incorporating all the points listed above. Using text, and a combination of, for example, graphics, photographs, diagrams or graphs you will critically analyse and illustrate your chosen leadership and management issue. POSTER MARKING CRITERIA CRITERIA POSSIBLE MARK CRITERIA ONE: TITLE, INTRODUCTION and CONCLUSION • Catchy title, relevant to topic (1) • Clear introduction including rationale for the poster (2) • Summary paragraph including recommendations for practice (2) 5 CRITERIA ONE: POSTER CONTENT • Clearly describes the issue you have chosen, and its relationship to human resource management/ change management or both (3) • Identifies: Why the issue has arisen? What factors contributed to it? What action is needed from a leadership/management perspective in relation to this scenario? (3) • Describes the implications for nurses/nursing (3) • Identifies strategies that may be used in similar future scenarios. (3) 12 CRITERIA TWO: POSTER DESIGN • Appropriate use of text, font & illustrations (1) • Visually appealing, creative (1) • Organisation of ideas / logical sequence (2) • Key points clear and relevant to topic (2) • Delivers what the topic promises (2) 8 PRESENTATION • o Conforms to the Assignment Presentation Formatting Guidelines Complying with academic requirements (format, spacing, cover sheet, title page) (2) o Uses academic language throughout (1) o Correct spelling, grammar, and well-constructed sentences or dot-points, and clear individual sections (2) 5 REFERENCING5 • Poster is supported with no fewer than 8 different sources from the scholarly literature and cited appropriately (2) • Referencing formatted as per APA 6th Edition Referencing Guidelines (2) • Separate page for reference list. (1) 5 Total Marks [weighted at 35%] 35 • There is no absolute word limit, but the poster must fit on an A3 page with font that is legible and easily read (recommended minimum is 300 words with a maximum of 600 words) • Referencing: APA 6th referencing is to be used on the poster and reference list – The reference list is to be provided as a separate sheet to save space on the poster • Include your student name and s number (in smaller font immediately below the title) Assignment 1 is below this page. Assignment 1: Introduction In healthcare profession, a manager should be sensitive, creative and motivated to make effective decisions for ensuring quality patient care (Frankel, 2011). Gibbs model of reflective essay will be used to discuss about the experience related to the leadership and management at the healthcare facility. Under this, different elements or topics like description, feelings, evaluation and analysis will be covered to demonstrate the experience as a leader and manager in healthcare profession. Description The incident is related to the patient care, who was suffering from psychological distress. At the workplace, my role was nurse manager, who is responsible for planning, decision making, staff management, delegation, and supervision and organizing. My team was appointed to handle the cases of patients suffering from psychological diseases or symptoms. The patient was a male aged 45 years, he experienced a great loss in his business, so developed psychological distress. It was really a challenge to make him feel safe, calm down and communicate with him. My team consisted of 4 team members. One day, only two members came to hospital, as the two had some personal work, so they took leave. The patient started shouting, feeling fear and threatened due to his nightmares. This situation was really tough for my team members to handle, as they were also not so experienced in handling these kinds of cases. My team member called me to visit the patient, as it was difficult for them to handle the patient with expected care and empathy. To handle the situation, I applied my leadership and management skills. Feelings During my experience, first I felt challenging to handle the situation, but I applied my manager skills. I followed my decision making skills, as I started finding or recognizing the problem of the patient (Sankaya & Nalbant, 2014). After discussing with the patient and my team members I found that the patient was not feeling safe and secure at the facility. So, I started communicating with him calmly (Frankel, 2011). Afterwards, I also made it sure that the patient feels safe by ensuring the atmosphere clean, calm and safe for him. I also asked the patient about his anxiety and fear from things if any. I also assured the patient that he can share what he feels with my anytime even with the team members. My efforts resulted into benefits for the patient. Evaluation I really felt satisfied with my efforts as a nurse manager. I did well, as the patient started recovering from the distress after that incident. The patient also started responding over the things calmly without losing his temper. I also experienced that the good thing about my decision was my tactics, as first of all I gathered the facts or data about the situation. I found that I applied my effective decision making skills as a manager and leader (Saarnio, Suhonen & Isola, 2016). I also applied my leadership skills like guide, communication and critical thinking. I made my team members assured about the situation that can be handled if resolved with patience. My team members were new, so they threatened from the situation without putting their efforts. I discussed with them that to manage any situation or patient, it is important to have good decision making and communication skills. For decision making, I applied nursing decision making process. It helped me to handle the situation successfully (de Melo Lanzoni & Meirelles, 2011). Afterwards, the situation got resolved. I realized that before this incident, my team members were also formal and did not take the norms seriously to ensure quality care to the patients. After this incident, I witnessed the change both in my team members and in the patient. To handle the situation, I applied my leadership and management skills carefully. As a leader, I was determined to bring the change. The leader is all about to bring the change. So, I also followed this concept of leadership by adopting situational style of leadership. As per this style, a leader applies the skills as per the situation or condition to handle it and get the work done. I also applied problem solving skills and intuitive decision. Before this situation, I also experienced similar situation with my other team members. So, I applied intuitive decision and problem solving to resolve the situation. I also asked the team members to make sure that the patient feels safe when they are around him. The positive aspect of the experience was the application of leadership style that proved beneficial to handle the distress of the patient. Similarly, in terms of management also, my intuitive and nursing process based decision making was really helpful. However, there were several negative experiences also. For example, I felt difficult to motivate the team members to communicate with the patient with care and quality. Second challenge was to delegate the tasks to the team members, as they were new to the situation to communicate or handle a patient like that. Analysis I applied the concepts and theories related to the leadership and management to handle the situation the team members and patient experienced. I applied situational leadership to handle the situation. This style helped me to address the issue, as first I observed the situation and adopted suitable tactics to make the patient feeling relaxed and safe at the facility. Next to this, I also applied nursing decision making process as compared to other models of decision making. This process helped me to address the issue (Lopez, 2014). The nursing process involved five steps that are assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation. All these steps proved beneficial for me to handle the situation. I want to state if would have adopted other models of decision making; it might have affected the situation or hindered its results due to lack of suitability. Like, I could have applied a shared vision to motivate team members (Martin, McCormack, Fitzsimons & Spirig, 2014). Diagram 1.1: Gibbs Reflective Cycle (Gibbs’ reflective cycle) Conclusion From the experience as a nurse manager, I realized or inferred that there are several things that if adopted could have affected the situation. It is inferred from the situation that along with situational leadership, I could have applied participative leadership style to listen or invite the feedback or inputs of the team members. This thing could have resulted into different situation for the patient also. In addition, I also realized that if could have applied participative leadership style, it could have motivated the team members to take initiative to handle the situation by their own (Helyer, 2015). In case of management, I learned from the experience that I was bit confused about the delegation part of allocating the tasks as per the skills and knowledge of the team members. I delegated the task to the team members, who were new to the facility. In fact, I also did not realize that to handle a patient, it is important to have good communication skills. Hence, if would have applied effective managerial skills, the situation could have been different. I should have realized that dealing with a real patient involves emotions, so the team members or carer should be knowledgeable about this fact and have empathy about the patient. Action Plan There are different aspects that impact the situation like decision making, problem solving skills, leadership style etc. During the role of nurse manager, I applied my best skills to handle the situation, but I felt that if I would have applied these skills differently, I could have attained different outcomes even with better outcomes (POPOVICI, 2012). For example, I realized that my delegation skills or function was not as effective as it should be. So, next time, I would apply effective delegation skills by considering the communication level, skills efficiency and knowledge of the carer like team member. To deal with a patient, it is important to have feelings, emotions, empathy, understanding about quality care etc. if these values and emotions are present in the caregiver; it is possible to ensure quality care (Vesterinen, Suhonen, Isola & Paasivaara, 2012). To improve the situation or attain better results next time, I would attend some tutorials, training session and read nursing care and its concepts. Leadership and management skills and competency relevant to the nursing profession will be developed by attending modules, training and workshop. Simulation strategy will be also adopted as a part of action plan. Under this, simulation practices will be compared with real practices to treat or handle a patient suffering from similar situation. It can help to understand the real challenges and handle them without losing confidence. Workshops related to the nursing managers will be also attended. It will help to develop managerial skills and competencies needed to handle situation better (Sherman & Pross, 2010). Summary It can be inferred that to handle a situation in healthcare professionals, it is important to have good leadership and management skills. It can be said that if applied effectively, a nursing manager can address the challenges effectively. It is also evident that by analyzing the results or outcomes of the situation, it is possible to improve it by adopting proven strategies and practices.   References de Melo Lanzoni, G.M & Meirelles, B.H.S. (2011). Leadership of the Nurse: an Integrative Literature Review. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem, 19(3), 651-658. Frankel, A. (2011). Leadership Skills for Nurses. Nursing Times, 104(35), 1-34. Gibbs’ reflective cycle (n.d). Retrieved from http://my.cumbria.ac.uk/Public/LISS/Documents/skillsatcumbria/ReflectiveCycleGibbs.pdf Helyer , R. (2015). Learning through reflection: the critical role of reflection in work-based learning (WBL). Journal of Work-Applied Management, 7 (1), 15 – 27. Lopez, R. (2014). The Relationship between Leadership and Management: Instructional Approaches and its Connections to Organizational Growth. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly, 6(1), 99-112. Martin, J., McCormack, B., Fitzsimons, D & Spirig, R. (2014). The importance of inspiring a shared vision. International Practice Development Journal, 4(2), 1-15. POPOVICI, V. (2012). SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP. Annals of the „Constantin Brâncuşi” University of Târgu Jiu, Economy Series, (2), 126-135. Sankaya, O & Nalbant, H. (2014). Medical Students Reflection on First Clinical Experience. Academic Journals, 5(4), 31-35. Saarnio, R., Suhonen, M & Isola, A. (2016). Nurse managers’ visions of future challenges in health care organizations. Journal of Nursing, 3(2), 1-8. Sherman, R & Pross, E. (2010). Growing Future Nurse Leaders to Build and Sustain Healthy Work Environments at the Unit Level^ m d Bookmark and Share. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 15(2010). Vesterinen,S., Suhonen, M., Isola, A & Paasivaara, L. (2012). Nurse Managers’ Leadership Styles in Finland. Nursing Research and Practice, 1-7.