1. How many 256*8 RAM chips are needed to provide a memory capacity of 4096 bytes? [6 marks] a. How many bits will each address contain? b. How many lines must go to each chip? c. How many lines must be decoded for the chip select inputs? Specify the size of the decoder. 2. Write a program to evaluate the arithmetic statement x = (a×( b + c ) × d - e) using a stack organized computer with zero-address instructions (so only pop and push can access memory). [5 marks] 3. Consider a byte-addressable computer with 16-bit addresses, a cache capable of storing a total of 2K bytes of data, and blocks of 8 bytes. Show the format (include field names and sizes) of a 16-bit memory address for: [8 marks] a. direct mapped b. fully associative c. 4-way set associative d. Where (which block or set) in cache would the memory address BAD016 be mapped for each of three mapping techniques above? You can specify the answer in decimal if you wish. 4. More registers appears to be a good thing, in terms of reducing the total number of memory accesses a program might require. Using the arithmetic expression S = (A+B)-(C+D), support this statement. [Hints: First, determine the number of memory accesses necessary using MARIE and the two registers for holding memory data values (AC and MBR). Then perform the same arithmetic computation for a processor that has more than three registers (for example, R1, R2, R3, R4) to hold memory data values.] [4 marks] 5. Suppose a process page table contains the entries shown below. Using the format shown in Table, indicate where the process pages are located in memory. [3 marks] Page Frame Valid Bit 0 -- 0 1 3 1 2 -- 0 3 -- 0 4 2 1 5 0 1 6 -- 0 7 1 1 6. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of dynamic linking. ? [4 marks] 7. Suppose a disk drive has the following characteristics: [4 marks] 6 surfaces 953 tracks per surface 256 sectors per track 512 bytes/sector Tract-to-track seek time of 6.5 milliseconds Rotational speed of 5,400 RPM. a. What is the capacity of the drive? b. What is the access time? 8. Suppose you have the instruction "Add 800". The memory contents are given below, and the contents of AC and the base register are 200 and 100 respectively. Memory address value 800 900 900 1000 1000 500 1100 600 1200 800 1300 250 What would be loaded into the AC if the addressing mode for the operand is: [6 marks] a. immediate b. direct c. indirect d. indexed Online submission via Tuitin is required for this assignment. Rationale This assessment task covers from topic 4 to topic 7, and has been designed to ensure that you are engaging with the subject content on a regular basis. More specifically it seeks to assess your ability to: be able to investigate the inteal operation of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and describe how it is used to execute instructions; be able to investigate the inteal operation of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and describe how it is used to execute instructions; be able to investigate and describe in detail the essential elements of computer organisation including inteal bus, memory, Input/Output ( I/O) organisations and interfacing standards and discuss how these elements function.