Agricultural Robots Emerging Technology Mouli Kumar Alapati 11609036   Contents Problem Domain 1 Purpose and Justification 2 Research Questions 3 Conceptual Understanding 3 Methodology 4 Data Collection Method 5 Ethical Issues 5 Compliance Requirements 6 Data Analysis 7 Project Plan 7 Outcomes of the research 7 WBS 8 Gantt Chart 9 Risk Analysis 10 Conclusion 10 References 11 Problem Domain The agricultural robots are basically the machines which are designed for the purpose of farming in the fields. The basic purpose of using the robots in the field is to get more productivity from the field with fewer efforts. There are many types of robots which are used in the agriculture field such as for spraying, plucking, sheep shearing robots, drones etc. The advancement in the technology of the robots might have provided the benefits to the society but there are issues which also affect the society and the farmers. Some of the common problems relating to the agricultural robots are as follows: 1. Big initial investment: The big problem that is faced while planning to implement the robots in the farming is the investment. The agricultural robots need much more investment in the beginning, so it is necessary to calculate the cost of implementation must be done in the beginning. The proper planning and evaluation of resources must be considered as wrong calculation would increase the cost of this technology. 2. Identification of Needs: The implementation of modern robots does not ensure the outcomes. The planning of the arrangements from the earliest starting point till the ending point is totally critical. On the off chance that an organization has a bottleneck, this would defy the company to reach the goal in efficient way. With the bottleneck situation in company even robotic technology may not help accomplish the objectives required(Ball, 2008). 3. Training to the employees: Another problem of defining the robots in the agriculture is that it requires the team of experts which could work efficiently with them. Providing the training to the employees or acquiring the experienced staff for the company is time taking process and it also costs much to the company. 4. Unemployment: The use of robots in the agriculture leads to the unemployment of the farmers and workers from the job. The robots never get sick or tired that means they can perform more than the human beings. One expert can handle the different robots at the same time and this reduces the requirements of the human beings for this purpose. 5. Latest Technology: The other problem with this is the latest technology that is not familiar with everyone. The people hardly trust on the machines for the particular job as there could be possibility of wrong ethical decisions taken by machine. This would lead to the loss of the company. 6. Maintenance Cost: It is also very expensive to maintain the robotic machines to get the same effective work every time. The farmers need to pay more attention on the working of the robots rather than the growth of the crops(Billingsley, 2008). Purpose & Justification The key purpose of research is to expose the benefits of the agricultural robots in the field of farming. This would help the farmers in many different ways. The main advantage that would be provided to the farmers is the reduction in the cost of productivity. With fewer efforts, the productivity of the farms can be increased with great aspect. The robots can help in droppingdown the wastage of the fertilizers and the seeds as it uses the exact amount of it for the crops. The safety level for the health of the customers would also increase, because the robots can be used to spray the chemicals on the plants. By this the farmers would not come in contact with the chemical and can be saved from various diseases. Computerized robots for milking parlours have also demonstrated their value. However achievement has evaded some different tasks depicted here, for example, robotized sheep shearing and a computerized abattoir. Another venture is exhibited that actually sorts one kind of animal from the others, utilizing a swinging entryway to isolate diverse species utilizing machine vision in order to sort them in different breeds. This would help the farmers and the companies who are involved in the business of agricultural to save a lot of efforts and money at same time. Research Questions 1. What type of robots can be used in the agriculture field? 2. How the robots in the agriculture would help the farmers to save money and efforts in farming? Conceptual Understanding In agriculture business, the mechanical autonomy has put a considerable effect on the business in this field. The farmers are aware of their requirement for programmed vehicle direction to limit harm to the developing zone of their land. Automated detectingand handling of processes are currently ordinary, while there is significant instrumentation and automated machines for the agriculture purpose. In faming fields, automated legged collectors have not yet observed incredible accomplishment in their working, but instead the trimming and mapping systems will give the boost to the business and will change the future of the agriculture business. Some great advancement in strolling farming service collectors are exhibited in the paper, including machines focused the difficult landscape of the Scandinavian woods. More-traditional harvesters are mechanized with high artificial intelligence technology, while operations, for example, plucking and picking of fruits must be done at speed. Before entire independent gathering with the robots comes to existing phase, a portion of the restriction and mapping systems that are depicted must work out as expected. The integration of robotic machines withGPS permits a tractor to take after a column of products, playing out a roundabout turn toward the finish of the line(Dattatraya, &Mhatardev, 2014). In this paper, the historical series of a progression in the same field is sketched out, to get the desired results from it for the commercial use. Another venture that depends on machine visualization identifies with the area related to macadamia nuts. To choose which trees ought to be proliferated, it is important to describe fallen nuts to the right tree. Shading sorting and evaluation of delivered products is not just a matter relating to detection alone, but rather includes measure of create taking care of that at the edge of apply autonomy. Computerized robots for milkingparlours have also demonstrated their value. However achievement has evaded some different tasks depicted here, for example, robotized sheepshearing and a computerized abattoir. Another venture is exhibited that actually sorts one kind of animal from the others, utilizing a swinging entryway to isolate diverse species utilizing machine vision in order to sort them in different breeds. In spite of the fact that mechanical autonomy is making fast advances into these regions, they are as yet a productive wellspring of utilization ventures, some adequately requesting to require the improvement of new hypothetical systems (Yaghoubi, 2013). Methodology The collection of the data for the research report is very necessary and different approached can be used for this purpose. The qualitative method is considered as the best method rather than quantitative method. The quantitative method is used to gather the data in the access while the qualitative method gathers the data that is relevant with the current research. Thus, the qualitative method is used for this research paper. Data Collection Method There are different types of methods in the qualitative methodology to acquire the information regarding the agricultural robots. The different data collection methods ate explained as below: 1. Articles and research papers: The better way to collect the qualitative information is the articles and research papers that are published regarding the robotics and farming equipments. In the article and research papers the authors describe about the particular techniques and the technologies that are used in the farming. Along with this, the pro-cons of the particular technologies are also defined in the paper. This helps in learning and understanding the technology in the better way. 2. Interviews: Another method is by interviewing the persons of the companies who are using the robotic technology in the field of farming and business. The farmers who are aware of this technology can also be interviewed. This helps in understanding the applications of the robotics in farming and the suggestions can be gathered from this method. Ethical Issues While gathering the data there are various ethical dilemma that need to be consider at the time of the data collection. The ethical issues that might occur while the data gathering are highlighted as below: 1. The secrecy of data need to be hold of any individual or the organisation from where the data has been gathered. Revealing the data of the individual to the any other person is an ethical issue and the personal information of any individual should not be use for personal benefit. 2. The copied data should not be added in the research report which is copied from any other resources. The collected information acquired from different research papers should be certifiable and it ought to contain the genuine information which is assembled. Utilizing the data of different individual must be entirely restricted in the research paper. The progressions of the report which is done in project influence the consequence of the venture. Compliance Requirements The compliance requirements are described as follows: 1. Securing the data:The data needs the security from different aspects so the security of the data of the research is must. The security of the information is the fundamental worry in which collected data info that is utilized as a part of study paper must secure. The information must not be imparted to any person who does not concern with the venture. If the data used in venture is changed or abused by the person, this would bring about terrible outcome. 2. Authentication of the data:The legal agreement with the source to gather the information is compulsory for the collection of the data. The authenticated data from the research papers must be gathered for the research. Data Analysis The data must be analysed that is gathered for research in terms to find the advantage and disadvantage of the agricultural robots in the field of farming. This kind of data analysis is very necessary for the research paper as it provides the right way to go with the research. Project Plan Outcomes of the research After the completion of the report, there are various outcomes that can be delivered from the research report, such are as follows: 1. The complete research report would be provided in the end. 2. The literatures and research paper of another author also included in the report. 3. The detailed applications of the agricultural technology will also be given. WBS Gantt Chart Risk Analysis Risk Explanation Impact Resolution Excess Cost The excess of cost while researching. HIGH The cost management must be done for this Excess Time The research took more time in completion than planned. HIGH The time management must be done in effective way. Data Quality The gathered data must be genuine and original. MEDIUM The data should be gathered from authenticated sources. Secrecy The secrecy of the data must be maintained High The information of the individual used in the research paper must not be used for personal benefit. Conclusion The above report explains the problems that are associate with the agricultural robots. The big problem that is faced while planning to implement the robots in the farming is the investment. The agricultural robots need much more investment in the beginning, so it is necessary to calculate the cost of implementation must be done in the beginning. This report explains the applications of the agricultural robots which defines the main purpose of this research paper which is about the benefits the robotic machines in the farming field. The main advantage that would be provided to the farmers is the reduction in the cost of productivity. With fewer efforts, it would be possible to increase the productivity. The robots would also help in reducing the wastage of the fertilizers and the seeds as it would use the exact amount of it for the crops. The safety level for the health of the customers would also increase, because the robots can be used to spray the chemicals on the plants. References 1. Ball, D. (2008). Robotics for Sustainable Broad-Acre Agriculture*. Computers And Electronics In Agriculture. Retrieved from http://www.araa.asn.au/fsr/fsr2013/papers/pap108s2.pdf 2. Bechar, A., &Vigneault, C. (2016). Agricultural robots for field operations: Concepts and components. Biosystems Engineering, 149, 94-111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2016.06.014 3. Billingsley, J. (2008). Robotics in Agriculture and Forestry 1,680 Reads. with Chapter (PDF Available) • January 2008 Springer Handbook Of Robotics,, 1065-1077. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/226571189_Robotics_in_Agriculture_and_Forestry 4. Billingsley, J., &Schoenfisch, M. (1995). Vision-guidance of agricultural vehicles. Autonomous Robots, 2(1), 65-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00735439 5. Dattatraya, G., &Mhatardev, M. (2014). Robotic Agriculture Machine. International Journal Of Innovative Research In Science, Engineering And Technology, 3(4). Retrieved from https://www.ijirset.com/upload/2014/special/vishwatech/Paper-67_.pdf 6. Dattatraya, G., &Mhatardev, M. (2014). Robotic Agriculture Machine. International Journal Of Innovative Research In Science, Engineering And Technology, 3(4). Retrieved from https://www.ijirset.com/upload/2014/special/vishwatech/Paper-67_.pdf 7. Greenaway, B. (2010). Robots run amuck [robot invasion in farming]. Engineering & Technology, 5(3), 36-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et.2010.0308 8. Guillet, A., Lenain, R., Thuilot, B., & Rousseau, V. (2017). 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