ARCH5006: Transit Oriented Design
Tutor: Munira Mackay
ASSESSMENTS ONE TO THREE
ASSESSMENT OVERVIEW
You will identify a topic of interest within the field of TOD; suggestions are below. You will research
within this broad TOD topic area and develop a question that you would like to investigate in your
abstract, presentation and essay for assessments 1 through to 3.
TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT
Suggested topic areas:
• Amenity and quality of experience necessary to enhance and encourage greater use of
public transit
• The qualities of the public realm that lead to increased walkability within a Transit-
Orientated Development (TOD) precinct
• Architectural qualities, and diversity of land uses that are required to encourage people to
live in transit precincts
• Building typologies and residential densities and that are most appropriate to different types
of TOD precincts
• The different transit modes and the patterns and morphologies of urban development that
best support the
• The role of TOD in the urban revitalisation process
• The use of smart technology in encouraging greater use and acceptability of mass transit
• The economic, social and environmental benefits of TOD
• The role of TOD as a fundamental structuring device for cities
ESSENTIAL READINGS
Curtis, C., Renne, J. & Bertolini, L.eds. 2009. Transit Oriented Development. Making it Happen.
UK: Ashgate Publishing Limited.
Kenworthy, J. & Newman P. 2015. The End of Automobile Dependence: How Cities are Moving
Away from Car-Based Planning. Washington DC: Island Press.
Altoon, R. A. 2011. Urban Transformations: Transit Oriented Development and the Sustainable
City. Images Publishing
Walker, J. 2012. Human Transit. Washington, DC: Island Press
Other readings
Jacobs, J. 1961. The Death and Life of Great American Cities. New York: Random House.
Jacobs, A. 1993. Great Streets. MIT Press.
Kunstler J.H. 1994. The Geography of Nowhere: Remaking our Everyday World for the 21st
Century. Free Press.
Newman, P., Beatley T. & Boyer H. 2009. Resilient Cities Responding to Peak Oil and Climate
Change. Washington DC: Island Press.
Landry, C. 2012. The Art of City Making. Routledge Dunphy, R. & Cervero, R. 2005. Developing around Transit: Strategies and solutions that work.
Urban Land Institute.
Bohl, C. 2002. Place Making. Urban Land Institute.
Calthorpe, P. 2013. Urbanism in the Age of Climate Change. Washington, DC: Island Press.
Gehl, J. 2010. Cities for People. Washington DC: Island Press.
Newman, P. & Kenworthy, J. 1999. Sustainability and Cities: Overcoming Automobile
Dependence. Washington, DC: Island Press.
Bernick, M. & Cervero R. 1996. Transit Villages in the 21st Century. McGraw-Hill.
Speck, J. 2013. Walkable City: How Downtown Can Save America, One Step at a Time. North
Point Press.
Dittmar, H. & Ohland, G. eds. 2004. The New Transit Town: best practices in transit- oriented
development. Washington DC: Island Press.
Assessment One: Abstract (20% of the total marks)
Week 6 - Submitted via Turnitin
BRIEF
The purpose of this first assessment is to establish your research by proposing a topic, doing some
preliminary research and planning your research project.
Your first task is to choose a topic. The starting point is to identify an area of research. You should
select first a broad area that has your particular interest. Explore it and try to determine some of the
issues. This will help you determine a specific research problem or topic, something for you to
research and discuss. Keep in mind that this unit requires you to use your critical and analytical skills.
For this assessment, you are required to present an abstract that:
• Explains the context of your research and key themes
• Explains the issue you are interested in and what you will research (your research problem)
• Ends with a statement of the main objective of your research
You are essentially presenting the reader with what to expect from your research.
You are also required to present a set of objectives that you will address during your research. The
objectives should demonstrate that you know how you will proceed with your research. You should
have one main objective and two or three sub-objectives.
Finally, you are to submit a Literature Worksheet, with each reference annotated. This means you
will have to briefly describe in one paragraph the main argument and relevance of this reference for
the essay. These may be the work of architects, theorists, academics or other suitable authors. You
should look at them from a critical point of view. For instance, you may agree or disagree with
certain points or you might identify weak or intriguing arguments that you might further research.
You are to include annotations for at least five pieces of work.
FORMAT
Your submission should have: a research title, an abstract, a set of objectives and a filled up
literature worksheet. You may refine your title for the other assessments, but the topic should
remain the same throughout. You must include in-text referencing and reference list/ bibliography.
Your abstract and objectives should act as a detailed essay plan. It should outline your broad topic
area and your particular area of interest within your theorist’s scope; and should introduce and
define your research question and argument. This research plan will identify the main points you will
discuss in your presentation and essay.
SUBMISSION CRITERIA
• 500 word Abstract with an additional literature worksheet
• Chicago referencing
1. Abstract will consist of:
1. Research Question: within the broader theme of Transit Oriented Design
A research topic can question any one of the following aspects and support functions of the
built environment in relation to how people undertake and experience their daily lives in the
city.
• structure and cohesiveness of the built environment
• choice and support for a movement mode (walking, cycling, public transit, private vehicles)
• built form type and scale within the context
• community health
• economics and efficiency of development and quality of the architecture
• a place’s culture and character
• environmental responsiveness (quality of 'greenness')
2. Significance of the research question
3. Key objectives (based on the research question)
4. Methodology to be used for exploration
5. Critical theorists/literature selection
6. Selection and suitability of case studies (local and international)
7. Understanding of the site and the context
Marking Criteria
• Research Question
• Significance of the research question
• Key objectives (based on the research question)
• Methodology to be used for exploration
• Identification of critical theorists/literature
• Selection and suitability of case studies and the site
Assessment Two: Oral presentation (30% of the total marks)
Week 11 - Oral presentation with visuals in class
BRIEF
Please note: the topic for this assessment remains the SAME as in assessment 1.
Now that you have selected a topic in Assessment 1, it is now time to explore it. You should research
your topic thoroughly using different types of sources. You might want to determine a set of key
words relating to your topic to help you narrow down your research. Nowadays, technology allows
us to find a lot of information at the click of the mouse, but for your research to have some
academic value, it is important for you to evaluate your sources before you use them. Bell (2000, 94)
suggests the following questions to help you evaluate your source:
• Have you only drawn on source material that supports your point of view, without making
efforts to consult a range of sources?
• Have you really made an effort to carry out a critical examination of the evidence?
• Is the research well designed and are the data-collecting instruments suitable for the
purpose?
• Do you see any terms that suggest partisanship or bias?
You must also remember to record the details of your sources and to reference them when you use
them.
For this assessment you are required to present the research you have done on the topic you
selected in Assessment 1. You should start by presenting your topic and provide some context to it.
Don't forget to mention your research problem that forms the basis of your research. You must also
present and address the objectives you submitted in Assessment one, you may find they have
altered or changed in which case you will need to justify those change.
Finally you should draw some key conclusions based on your research.
Note: this is not a presentation only of your abstract. It should include key findings from your case
studies and a brief explanation of the main body of work showing your analysis, commensurate with
this being Week 11 of a study period in a Masters level course.
FORMAT
5 minutes oral presentation. The use of relevant visual materials is strongly encouraged. This not
only makes for a more interesting presentation, and the possibility of visual analysis, but it will also
assist you in structuring the oral segment of your presentation.
The Oral will cover:
1. Research question and case studies
2. Literature review
3. Development of a framework for research
4. Data collection based on the developed framework
SUBMISSION
5 minutes maximum ORAL with a short visual presentation to explain key concepts.
MARKING CRITERIA
• Evidence of critical evaluation and analysis.
• Logical development of presentation.
• Quality of research sources and diversity of references used.
• Quality of presentation style and visual communication of topic.
Assignment 3: Scholarly research essay (50% of the total marks)
Week 15 - Submission via Turnitin
BRIEF
Working through assessments 1 and 2, you should have researched your topic quite extensively. You
are now asked to present your research in written form with a maximum of 3500 words. Make sure
that your essay includes the following elements.
• Title page containing:
-Research Title: The title should clearly describe the proposed research topic in 10 to 15 words.
The title should be useful to your readers. It should be factual rather than fanciful and should
hint at the nature and context of your research.
-Your name
-The name of the unit
-The date of submission
• An Abstract:
An abstract is a brief summary of the essay with a maximum of 500 words that tells readers
what to expect. Booth et al (2003, 219) state that ‘an abstract is a brief summary that tells
readers what to expect. It should be shorter than introduction, but still do three things that an
introduction does: it states the research problem, it announces key themes, it ends with a
statement of the main objective or with a launching point that anticipates the main point in the
full text.’
• Main body containing:
- Introduction
Use the introduction to provide an overview and set the problem. Later sections can fill in
the detail. In general, the introduction should state what you propose to do (your main
objective), where your research is situated in a broader context, why it is significant, and a
brief outline of what each section in the proposal, to give the reader an overview of the
whole document.
-Objectives
Provide a clear and concise statement of the research objectives you wish to address. What
do you wish to achieve through this research? You should have one Main Objective, and two
to three Sub-Objectives.
-Background
Provide information on the field of knowledge your research sits in. Report on the specific
background knowledge you identified as important. What is the context of your research,
what are the problems you have identified that informed your research?
-Your research
Describe (in diagrams/sketches/text) what you have learned i.e. what themes have emerged
from your analysis of the material you have reviewed. For each specific area that you have
studied:
a) Specify what methods/techniques you have used.
b) What you have gained from your research
c) Draw conclusions as to what areas of background you have synthesised.
-Significance
The significance can be developed by asking the question ‘So what?’ What is the significance
of the research, to your discipline? What knowledge are you looking at in a new way?
-Conclusions
Conclusions are different from a summary. The conclusion is a summary of the arguments
presented in the body and how these relate to the essay question with a restatement of the
main point of view presented in the introduction in response to the topic and what the
implications of this view are or what might happen as a result
(http://www.canberra.edu.au/studyskills/writing/conclusions).
• References
You should include any references you have used in your research proposal. All referencing
(text and images) should follow the Chicago referencing system.
FORMAT
An A4 essay (not a report) of 3,500 words (+/- about 10%), plus supporting images and graphics and
including in-text referencing and reference list/bibliography. You must use your research along with
relevant selected images and findings from assessments 1 and 2 but you should develop further
what you have already submitted.
The essay should be thorough and include a structure and the headings as stated below.
1. Abstract (revised if necessary)
2. Research Question
3. Significance of research
4. Key objectives
5. Theoretical/conceptual framework
6. Methodology
7. Site/case studies
8. Data analysis and synthesis
9. Findings
10. Revisiting and critiquing the theoretical/conceptual framework based on the findings
11. Conclusion
12. References
MARKING CRITERIA
• Data Analysis and synthesis
• Outcomes/findings
• Revisiting and critiquing the conceptual/theoretical framework based on the findings
• Communication, content coverage, style, presentation.