Harvard Referencing Quick Guide January 2017
For more information go to Blackboard/Academic Skills/Referencing
Source
Intext citations Reference list Paraphrase Quote
Book: one author … (Cottrell 2005). or Cottrell (2005) asserts ...
‘…’ (Cottrell 2005, p. 10). or Cottrell (2005, p. 10) asserts ‘…’.
Cottrell, S 2005, Critical thinking: developing effective analysis and argument, Palgrave Macmillan, New York.
Book: two authors for 2 or more authors, retain the order of authors given by the source
… (Peck & Coyle 2005). or Peck and Coyle (2005) report ...
‘…’ (Peck & Coyle 2005, p. 55). or Peck and Coyle (2005, p. 55) report ‘…’.
Peck, J & Coyle, M 2005, Write it right: a handbook for students, Palgrave Macmillan, New York.
Book: three authors … (Rao, Chanock & Krishnan 2007). or Rao, Chanock and Krishnan (2007) argue …
‘…’ (Rao, Chanock & Krishnan 2007, p. 16). or Rao, Chanock and Krishnan (2007, p. 16) argue ‘…’.
Rao, V, Chanock, K & Krishnan, L 2007, A visual guide to essay writing: how to develop and communicate academic argument, Association for Academic Language and Learning, Sydney.
Book: more than three authors
… (van Krieken et al. 2010). or van Krieken et al. (2010) contend …
‘…’ (van Krieken et al. 2010, p. 18). or van Krieken et al. (2010, p. 18) contend ‘...’.
van Krieken, R, Habibas, D, Smith, P, Hutchins, B, Haralambos, M & Holborn, M 2010, Sociology: themes and perspectives, 4th edn, Pearson Longman, Frenchs Forest. Retain lower case letter for surname if given that way in source
Book: edition (other than the first edition; later editions have major updates)
… (Barrass 2005). or Barrass (2005) claims …
‘…’ (Barrass 2005, p. 12). or Barrass (2005, p.12) claims ‘…’.
Barrass, R 2005, Students must write: a guide to better writing in coursework and examinations, 3rd edn, Routledge, London.
Edited book (editor collates material by other authors)
… (Winterfeldt, Bogle & Ebro eds 2014). or Winterfeldt, Bogle and Ebro (eds 2014) contend …
‘…’ (Winterfeldt, Bogle & Ebro eds 2014, p. 30). or According to Winterfeldt, Bogle and Ebro (eds 2014, p. 30), ‘…’.
Winterfeldt, EA, Bogle, ML & Ebro, LL (eds) 2014, Nutrition and dietetics: practice and future trends, 4th edn, Jones & Bartlett Learning, Burlington.
Chapter from an edited book … (Uskul 2010). or Uskul (2010) demonstrates …
‘…’ (Uskul 2010, p. 350). or Uskul (2010, p. 350) claims ‘...’.
Uskul, A 2010, ‘Sociocultural aspects of health and illness’, in D French, K Vedhara, A Kaptein & J Weinman (eds), Health psychology, BPS Blackwell, Chichester, pp. 347-59.
Citation in a source from another source
… (Rubin, cited in Redman 2006). or Rubin (cited in Redman 2006) shows …
‘…’ (Rubin, cited in Redman 2006, p. 63). or Rubin (cited in Redman 2006, p. 63) argues ‘…’.
Redman, P 2006, Good essay writing, 3rd edn, Sage Publications, London.
More than one book by the same author in the same year
… (Blainey 2003a). or Blainey (2003a) argues …
… (Blainey 2003b). or Blainey (2003b) contends …
‘…’ (Blainey 2003a, p. 5). or Blainey (2003a, p. 5) argues ‘…’.
‘…’ (Blainey 2003b, p. 27). or Blainey (2003b, p. 27) contends ‘…’.
Blainey, G 2003a, Black kettle and full moon: daily life in a vanished Australia, Penguin/Viking, Camberwell.
Blainey, G 2003b, A game of our own: the origins of football, Black Inc, Melbourne.
Electronic book (ebook) … (Carroll 2011). or Carroll (2011) describes …
‘…’ (Carroll 2011, p. 3). or Carroll (2011, p. 3) describes ‘…’.
Carroll, L 2011, Alice in Wonderland,, Bookbyte Digital, Salem, viewed 21 November 2013,https://itunes.apple.com/us/book/alices-adventures-in- wonderland/id510986661?mt=11
Harvard Referencing Quick Guide January 2017
For more information go to Blackboard/Academic Skills/Referencing
Source
Intext citations Reference list
Paraphrase Quote Journal article: print … (Gardiner 2011). or Gardiner (2011) found … ‘…’ (Gardiner 2011, p. 48) or Gardiner (2011, p. 48) found ‘…’.
Gardiner, M 2011, ‘Portrait of the artist as a goat’, Social Alternatives, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 46-49.
Journal article: with doi … (Minkov & Hofstede 2011). or Minkov and Hofstede (2011) claim …
‘…’ (Minkov & Hofstede 2011, p. 12). or Minkov and Hofstede (2011, p. 12) claim ‘…’.
Minkov, M & Hofstede, G 2011, ‘The evolution of Hofstede’s doctrine’, Cross Cultural Management, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 10-20, doi:10.1108/13527601111104269 Some journals may not have both volume and issue numbers
Journal article: with URL (only if no doi)
… (Carroll 2008). or Carroll (2008) hypothesises …
‘…’ (Carroll 2008, p. 73). or Carroll (2008, p. 73) hypothesises ‘…’.
Carroll, M 2008, ‘Identities in dialogue: patterns in the chaos’, The Writing Centre Journal, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 72-79, viewed 6 September 2009, http://www.english.udel.edu/wcj/ Some journals may not have both volume and issue numbers
Website: with a corporate author or government department as author
For single intext citation: … (World Health Organization 2016). or The World Health Organization (2016) found …
For first of 2 or more intext citations … (The World Health Organization [WHO] 2016). or The World Health Organization [WHO] (2016) found …
Subsequent intext citations use initials only … (WHO 2016). or WHO (2016 found …
For single intext citation: ‘…’ (The World Health Organization 2016, p. 27). or The World Health Organization (2016, p. 27) found ‘…’.
For first of 2 or more intext citations ‘…’ (The World Health Organization [WHO] 2016, p. 27). or The World Health Organization ([WHO] 2011, n.p.) found ‘…’.
Subsequent intext citations use initials only ‘…’ (WHO 2016, p. 27). or WHO (2016, p. 27) reports ‘…’.
If there is only one intext citation: World Health Organization 2016, Ambient air pollution: a global assessment of exposure and burden of disease, viewed 17 November 2016, http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/250141/1/9789241511353eng.pdf?ua=1
If there are two or more intext citations add acronym in brackets World Health Organization (WHO) 2013, Diabetes, fact sheet no. 312, viewed 26 November 2013, http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs312/en/
Retain source spelling for corporate author
Website: Author
… (Coxhead 2008). or Coxhead (2008) found …
‘…’ (Coxhead 2008, n.p.). or Coxhead (2008, n.p.) found ‘…’. n.p. for no page numbers
Coxhead, A 2008, Sublist families of the academic word list, viewed 27 July, 2016, http:/www.victoria.ac.nz/lals/resources/academicwordlist/sublists
Website: Sponsor/Owner (particularly if there is no designated author)
IBISWorld (1999-2016) lists … or … (IBISWorld 1999-2016).
IBISWorld (1999-2016) reports ‘…’. or ‘…’ (IBISWorld 1999-2016)
IBISWorld 1999-2016, Specialist medical services in Australia, viewed 29 November 2016, http://clients1.ibisworld.com.au/reports/au/industry/default.aspx?entid=612 Year range if given in source