Swinburne University of Technology Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology TNE40001/TNE80003 Broadband Multimedia Networks Assignment (semester 1, 2016) Due Date: 5pm Wed May 25th, 2016 TOPIC – Using DASH for streaming media / Analysing SIP & RTP for Internet Telephony Background: This assignment contains two parts. First, you will research and explain the operation of DASH in the context of Internet media streaming. Second, you will be evaluating a short Ethernet packet tracefile and evaluating the traffic contained within in the context of SIP/RTP-based Internet Telephony. At all times you will be researching available online literature to augment what has been presented in class. By end of week 3, a binary Ethernet packet tracefile in tcpdump format will have been uploaded to your lower numbered RULE host (the one assigned in your lab class). This file will have a filename of the form broadband-trace-XXXXXXX-2016.dmp, where XXXXXXX is your 7 digit student ID number. Do not complete your assignment using someone else's tracefile as it will lead to a loss of marks. You will be expected to learn how to use Wireshark or similar packet trace analysis software in order to complete this assignment. You may also be required to (re)learn how to use Excel (or equivalent tool e.g. OpenOffice Calc) for some basic data analysis and graphing. The assignment is graded out of 100 marks for TNE40001 and 115 marks for TNE80003. Bonus marks are available, but a final mark of over 100 (TNE40001) or 115 (TNE80003) will be rounded down to 100 or 115 respectively. Answer all of the questions. To receive full marks, answers should consist of a concise description of steps taken, summary of relevant reasoning and a concise explanation of your findings. Where applicable, assumptions used to answer questions must be stated. Single line or purely numerical answers to any question will not receive full marks. Submission Guidelines: Your response to this assignment shall be a two-column research report of no more than 10 pages, including figures, appendices and/or annexes, using the required template's font, font size and column height/width. The required template is provided on Blackboard in Rich Text, OpenOffice and LaTeX formats. Not using these templates will result in the loss of marks. Pay CLOSE attention to the points raised at: http://caia.swin.edu.au/reports/howto.html Submission Process: You MUST submit your report as a pdf file using Blackboard. The name of your file MUST be of the form: broadband-XXXXXXX.pdf where XXXXXXX is your 7 digit student ID number. Note#1 - You will be marked on quality not quantity. Simply meeting the page/word limit does not guarantee any particular grade. Note#2 - You must reference external sources of information to support factual claims you make that are not your own work. Failure to do so will result in a significant loss of marks for any given question. Re-using chunks of text from external sources will be considered plagiarism if not properly credited (e.g. You can use quotation marks and/or italics to make clear what text you are quoting, and provide references to the quote's source in footnotes or at the end of the paper.) Properly credited content from external sources will be considered as supporting material only, and will not contribute to your grade for the assignment. Focus on writing your insights and contributions in your own words. Remember, we know how to use Google too. G. Armitage Broadband Multimedia Networks Assignment Revised 18. Mar. 2016 11:59:33 Page 1 of 3 General Questions: [55 Marks: 20 + 5 + 20 + 10] 1. With the appropriate use of diagrams and clear descriptive text: [20 Marks: 5 + 5 + 5 + 5] • Explain why an MPEG-DASH server will contain copies of a movie encoded at different quality levels and segmented into chunks • Explain how the MPD is used by a MPEG-DASH client to adapt its behaviour when retrieving content for playback, and clearly describe the differences between chunks made up of separate files and chunks represented as byte ranges • Explain the difference between a chunk's representation rate and the rate at which a chunk is retrieved • Explain the role of a playout buffer inside an MPEG-DASH client and when they are prefilled 2. Imagine you have a server containing a movie segmented into chunks and encoded at constant bitrates of 200, 500 and 1000 Kbps. With the appropriate use of diagrams and clear descriptive text: [5 Marks: 2 + 3] • How many bytes make up the chunks representing both 4 seconds and 10 seconds of content at the 200, 500 and 1000 Kbps representation rates? (Six different types of chunks in total.) • How many seconds would each of these chunks take to send if they were encapsulated in UDP/IP frames and transmitted at precisely 2000Kbps (at the IP layer), with no other overheads and no packet losses? 3. Imagine you have a standard web server containing a movie segmented into chunks and encoded at constant bitrates of 200, 500 and 1000 Kbps. Assume an additional 256 bytes of HTTP response overhead is required to encapsulate and send each chunk in response to GET requests from a DASH client. A single DASH client is connected to this server over a path exhibiting 40ms RTT and offering 2000Kbps in each direction at the IP layer. With the appropriate use of diagrams and clear descriptive text: [20 Marks: 2 + 6 + 12 ] • What is the path's BDP? • Assume the TCP layer's MSS is 1460 bytes, how long would it take for the DASH server's TCP layer cwnd to reach and exceed BDP during Slow Start from an initial window of 10 MSS? • If the TCP stack at the DASH server begins in Slow Start with IW=10 for the transmission of every chunk, how long does it take to transmit HTTP-encapsulated 4-second chunks encoded at the three representation rates? (Assume no packet losses or packet reordering along the path.) 4. With the appropriate use of diagrams and clear descriptive text: [10 Marks: 4 + 2 + 4 ] • Explain, with a simple example, the role of SDP in SIP-based signaling • Explain the meaning of Comfort Noise Generation and when it would be used in the context of VoIP services • How many concurrent two-way RTP-based VoIP calls, using standard G.711a codecs, could be handled by a full-duplex Ethernet link running at 10Mbit/sec? Take all Ethernet overhead into account (including inter-frame gap), assume standard VoIP encapsulation and a 1500 byte Ethernet MTU G. Armitage Broadband Multimedia Networks Assignment Revised 18. Mar. 2016 11:59:33 Page 2 of 3 Questions involving your tracefile: [45 Marks (5 + 5 + 15 + 20) and 5 bonus marks] 5. The tracefile was created by monitoring packets at a certain point between a SIP Client and a SIP Proxy. [5 Marks: 0.5 + 0.5 + 1 + 1 + 2] • What is the IP address of the SIP Proxy? • What is the IP address of the SIP Client? • How many hops away from the SIP Proxy was this tracefile captured? • How many hops away from the SIP Client was this tracefile captured? • Identify and explain each distinct Ethernet MAC addresses visible in this tracefile 6. A number of phone calls were made while capturing packets. [5 Marks: 0.5 + 0.5 + 0.5 + 2 + 1.5] • How many phone calls are captured in this tracefile? • How many SIP control packets were captured? • How many RTP packets were captured? • Describe the direction and time/duration of each phone call (to the nearest second). • Who was called, and who was being called, in each case? (State their SIP identities) 7. With appropriate use of diagrams and clear descriptive text: [15 Marks: 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3] • Explain why the SIP Client's initial attempts to REGISTER were rejected with "401 Unauthorized" in this tracefile. • Explain the SIP Client's subsequent reaction to the "401 Unauthorized" message. • What value nonce did the SIP Server provide in response to the client's first attempt to register? • Why did the very last REGISTER message in this tracefile have an 'Expires' value of zero? • How long between the initial INVITE and the start of the RTP media stream of the first phone call? (to the microsecond) Explain how much of this time appears to have been spent waiting for the called party to pick up the phone? 8. Each phone call consists of two-way RTP media streams. With appropriate graphs, diagrams and clear descriptive text: [20 Marks: 6 + 6 + 8] • As cumulative distribution functions, show the distribution of inter-packet arrival times of RTP frames in the caller to callee direction for each call. Describe possible reasons for the shape(s) you observe. • As cumulative distribution functions, show the distribution of inter-packet arrival times of RTP frames in the callee to caller direction for each call. Describe possible reasons for the shape(s) you observe. • Plot the instantaneous IP-level bitrate and packetrate over time for each RTP flow in each direction and for each call. Describe possible reasons for the shape(s) you observe. 9. What is the secret message encoded in your Ethernet tracefile? How did you find it? [Bonus Marks : 1 + 4] TNE80003 ONLY QUESION (15 marks): 10. NBN Co currently offers two analog voice ports (called UNI-V) on its Customer Premised Equipment (CPE) for fibre based services. [15 Marks: 1 + 2 + 2 + 8 + 2] • What signaling protocol does the UNI-V use between CPE and access provider? • What codec does the UNI-V use? • What is the packetisation rate for the codec? • What method(s) does NBNCo use to ensure QoS for UNI-V traffic traversing its network? • What levels of QoS are there? G. Armitage Broadband Multimedia Networks Assignment Revised 18. Mar. 2016 11:59:33 Page 3 of 3